Nattokinase is a potent proteolytic enzyme (a serine protease) produced during the fermentation of non GMO soybeans by the bacteriumย Bacillus subtilis. While traditionally consumed in the Japanese dish natto, the isolated enzyme has become a focal point of cardiovascular research due to its unique fibrinolytic (clot dissolving) properties and systemic benefits.
The Mechanism of Action: How Nattokinase Functions
Unlike many supplements that offer general antioxidant support, the nattokinase enzyme operates through a direct, measurable biochemical pathway. Its primary function is the degradation of fibrin, the protein responsible for blood clot formation.
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Direct Fibrinolysis: It directly cleaves the cross linked bonds in fibrin, helping to dissolve existing clots.
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Endogenous Activation: It stimulates the bodyโs own production of plasmin and urokinase, the natural "cleanup crew" for the circulatory system.
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Blood Pressure Regulation: Research suggests nattokinase acts as a natural ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor, which helps relax blood vessels and support healthy blood pressure levels.
Clinical Potency and Standardization
When evaluating a nattokinase supplement, the weight in milligrams (e.g., nattokinase 100 mg) is secondary to its enzymatic activity, measured in Fibrinolytic Units (FU).
Understanding FU (Fibrinolytic Units)
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Maintenance Dose (2,000 FU): Typically found in a standard nattokinase 100 mg capsule. This is the baseline dosage used in most clinical trials for general circulatory support.
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Therapeutic Dose (4,000+ FU): Used in intensive protocols for those with specific cardiovascular concerns or elevated fibrinogen levels.
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Pure Nattokinase vs. Blends: While some formulas include other enzymes, pure nattokinase remains the gold standard for targeted fibrinolytic therapy.
| Application Type | Recommended Activity (FU) | Primary Clinical Objective |
| Maintenance | 2,000 FU (approx. 100 mg) | General circulatory support and fibrinogen balance. |
| Intermediate | 4,000 - 6,000 FU | Support for healthy blood pressure and arterial flexibility. |
| Therapeutic | 10,800 FU + | Management of atherosclerosis progression and lipid profiles. |
Key Benefits for Cardiovascular Health
The therapeutic application of nattokinase extends beyond simple circulation. Clinical studies have highlighted its role in several key areas of health:
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Reduction of Plaque Thickness: Long-term trials (26+ weeks) have shown significant reductions in carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), suggesting a role in reversing arterial buildup.
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Lowering Blood Pressure: Double-blind studies have recorded drops in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure after 8 weeks of consistent 2,000 FU daily intake.
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Lipid Metabolism: It has been observed to help lower triglycerides and LDL cholesterol while potentially raising "good" HDL cholesterol.
Safety, Bioavailability, and Selection
To ensure maximum efficacy, the supplement must survive the acidic environment of the stomach. High qualityย nattokinase capsules often utilize delayed release technology to reach the small intestine, where the enzyme is absorbed into the bloodstream.
Important Contraindications
Because of its potent "blood-thinning" effects, certain precautions are mandatory:
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Blood Thinners: Do not combine with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications without strict medical supervision.
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Surgery: Discontinue use at least two weeks before any surgical procedure to prevent excessive bleeding.
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Vitamin K2: Many high purity nattokinase products are processed to beย K2 free to ensure they do not interfere with specific cardiovascular medications.