Antioxidant activity of royal jelly: characterization of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid and major royal jelly proteins as primary antioxidant constituents
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009
Royal jelly 1,000 mg per dose (2 softgels) the secretion produced exclusively by worker honeybees (Apis mellifera) and the sole food of the queen bee throughout her life. An antioxidant for the maintenance of good health.
Royal jelly is a creamy white secretion produced by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker honeybees. It is the exclusive food of the queen bee throughout her life and is fed to all bee larvae for the first three days after hatching. The queen bee is genetically identical to worker bees but develops differently because she is fed royal jelly exclusively a well studied example of nutritional epigenetic programming in insects.
Royal jelly is composed of approximately 60โ70% water, 12โ15% proteins, 10โ16% sugars, 3โ6% fats, and trace amounts of vitamins and minerals. Its composition is complex and not fully characterized. The primary quality and authenticity marker is 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) a medium-chain fatty acid found almost exclusively in royal jelly and not present in significant amounts in honey, propolis, or other bee products.
10-HDA (10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid)
The primary fatty acid unique to royal jelly and the internationally recognized quality and authenticity marker. Higher 10-HDA content indicates higher quality royal jelly. Present as a natural constituent of the 1,000 mg royal jelly dose.
Major Royal Jelly Proteins (MRJPs)
A family of nine proteins (MRJP1โMRJP9) that make up the majority of the protein content of royal jelly. MRJP1 (royalactin/apalbumin 1) is the most abundant and is the protein responsible for triggering queen bee development in bee larvae.
Amino Acids
Royal jelly contains all essential amino acids. The most abundant free amino acid is proline, which makes up a large proportion of the free amino acid content.
Antimicrobial Peptides
Royal jelly contains peptides unique to royal jelly, including jelleines and royalisin (defensin-1) short protein fragments distinct from the full MRJP proteins.
Royal jelly 1,000 mg per dose (2 softgels) the secretion produced exclusively by worker honeybees (Apis mellifera) and the sole food of the queen bee throughout her life. An antioxidant for the maintenance of good health.
Royal jelly is a creamy white secretion produced by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of worker honeybees. It is the exclusive food of the queen bee throughout her life and is fed to all bee larvae for the first three days after hatching. The queen bee is genetically identical to worker bees but develops differently because she is fed royal jelly exclusively a well studied example of nutritional epigenetic programming in insects.
Royal jelly is composed of approximately 60โ70% water, 12โ15% proteins, 10โ16% sugars, 3โ6% fats, and trace amounts of vitamins and minerals. Its composition is complex and not fully characterized. The primary quality and authenticity marker is 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) a medium-chain fatty acid found almost exclusively in royal jelly and not present in significant amounts in honey, propolis, or other bee products.
10-HDA (10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid)
The primary fatty acid unique to royal jelly and the internationally recognized quality and authenticity marker. Higher 10-HDA content indicates higher quality royal jelly. Present as a natural constituent of the 1,000 mg royal jelly dose.
Major Royal Jelly Proteins (MRJPs)
A family of nine proteins (MRJP1โMRJP9) that make up the majority of the protein content of royal jelly. MRJP1 (royalactin/apalbumin 1) is the most abundant and is the protein responsible for triggering queen bee development in bee larvae.
Amino Acids
Royal jelly contains all essential amino acids. The most abundant free amino acid is proline, which makes up a large proportion of the free amino acid content.
Antimicrobial Peptides
Royal jelly contains peptides unique to royal jelly, including jelleines and royalisin (defensin-1) short protein fragments distinct from the full MRJP proteins.
Serving Size: 2 Softgels
Servings Per Container: 60
โ Daily Value not established
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009
Evidence Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012
Phytochemistry Reviews, 2015
Research information is provided for educational purposes and does not replace the product's approved label information.