Tart Cherry in Ancient Europe
Tart cherry, also known as Prunus cerasus, has been cultivated since ancient Roman times, primarily in Western and Central Europe. The Romans referred to it as "Prunus cerasus," which means "sour cherry" in Latin. They used tart cherries as an energy source on the battlefield. Additionally, ancient Roman medical texts like "De Materia Medica" mention the use of tart cherries for aiding digestion and reducing fever.
Tart Cherry as a Medicinal Plant in Medieval Europe
During the medieval period, tart cherry gained recognition as a medicinal plant. Monasteries across Europe cultivated it for its fruit, flowers, and bark, which were used for various medicinal purposes. The flowers were used as diuretics, the fruit was believed to aid digestion and alleviate pain, and the cherries were also used to soothe coughs and throat pains.
The Spread and Expansion of Tart Cherry
Throughout the medieval era, tart cherry spread across Europe and, with European colonial expansion, made its way to America and other continents. In the United States, commercial cultivation of tart cherry began in the early 19th century, particularly in Michigan and Wisconsin. Today, the US is one of the world's largest producers of tart cherries.
Tart Cherry as a Modern Health Superfood
In contemporary society, tart cherry is celebrated as a health superfood, primarily due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Rich in phytonutrients like anthocyanins, quercetin, and melatonin, tart cherries have been scientifically proven to provide various health benefits. These include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, enhanced post-exercise recovery, improved sleep quality, and cardiovascular health support.
The Montmorency Variety of Tart Cherry
The Montmorency variety is one of the most popular types of tart cherries, especially in the United States. Originating from the Montmorency region of France in the 17th century, this variety is now extensively cultivated in Michigan and Wisconsin. Montmorency cherries are known for their bright red color and tart flavor, which is attributed to their high anthocyanin content. They offer health benefits such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, improved sleep quality, and enhanced post-exercise recovery.
Modern Tart Cherry Supplements
In Canada, tart cherry supplements are marketed with claims of reducing inflammation, acting as antioxidants, aiding post-exercise recovery, improving sleep quality, and supporting cardiovascular health. The recommended dosage for tart cherry extract capsules typically ranges from 500mg to 1000mg per day, while tart cherry juice is commonly consumed at 8 to 16 ounces (240ml to 480ml) per day.
Conclusion
Tart cherry's history dates back to ancient Rome and gained medicinal recognition in medieval Europe. In modern times, it is considered a health superfood, with the Montmorency variety and tart cherry supplements being particularly popular worldwide.